Shimen Cave Introduction
Shimen Cave, standing on Provincial Highway 2 by the coast, is a prominent landmark in the Shimen District of New Taipei City. The name originates from this rock formation, which amazed the Japanese during the colonial period due to its unique sea erosion topography, leading them to name the area "Shimen Village," a name that has been preserved as the local township name to this day. In geological terms, this natural wonder is formally known as a "sea arch," formed by the erosion of seawater. Millions of years ago, the Datun Volcano Group erupted, depositing thick layers of volcanic debris and lava, which were later washed away by heavy rains, accumulating in layers at the coastline, creating a small hill. Over time, geological pressure led to vertical fractures known as "joints." Accompanied by the northeast monsoon and the frequent typhoons in summer, these natural forces generated high wave action that contributed strong erosive energy to the coastal landscape. The seawater has tirelessly battered along the joints and layers, causing parts of the rock formations to break off and fall into the sea. Over time, what began as sea erosion grooves transformed into sea caves, eventually evolving into the sea arch seen today. Although formed by sea erosion, Shimen Cave is notably above sea level, a result of recent tectonic movements that have uplifted the land, raising the cave above sea level by several meters, serving as a witness to geological changes. Upon entering Shimen Cave, one can observe the clearly stacked layers of rock, each containing fine sand, volcanic debris, and gravel of varying sizes, all mixed together. This suggests that the initial accumulation of rock layers was likely due to landslides caused by heavy rains, where the rapid flow of debris carried various sizes of stones and fine sand down to the shore, resulting in the mixed layers seen today. The natural ecology of Shimen Cave presents a stunning coastal view where, despite having only a small beautiful shell beach, it evokes thoughts of Kenting. The shallow coastal reefs are home to numerous fish and hermit crabs. The coastal rocks showcase a vibrant green due to the presence of seaweed, and one can occasionally see local residents harvesting algae. Walking along the paved viewing platforms and pavilions along the coastline offers expansive ocean views. Every year from April to May, native species of lilies and stone toadstool flowers blossom, adorning the landscape above Shimen Cave, creating a spectacular sight. A visit to Shimen Cave provides a glimpse into diverse ecosystems, showcasing the rich features of the shore of Shimen.
