Shimen Cave Introduction
Standing on the Taiwan Provincial Highway 2 along the coastline, Shimen Cave is a prominent landmark in the Shimen District of New Taipei City. The name comes from the cave itself, which amazed the Japanese during the colonial era with its unique coastal erosion landform, leading them to name this area "Shimen Village," a name that has continued to be used locally. As a geological wonder, it is officially referred to as a "sea arch," formed by erosion from seawater. Millions of years ago, the Datun Volcano Group erupted, depositing thick layers of volcanic debris and lava. Subsequently, heavy rains washed and re-deposited layers of rock along the coast, forming a small hill. Shifting geological layers created vertical "joints," or cracks. Coupled with the northeast monsoon and frequent typhoons during the summer, waves with strong eroding energy crash against the rock face along these joints and layers over the years. Gradually, rocks crumbled into the sea, transforming what started as a sea erosion ditch into a sea cave, which eventually evolved into the sea arch we see today. Although formed by ocean erosion, Shimen Cave is noticeably elevated above sea level due to recent tectonic activities that raised the ground, making it stand over ten meters higher than the sea, serving as a testament to geological changes. Upon entering Shimen Cave, one can see clearly stacked layers of rock, each containing fine sand, volcanic debris, and pebbles of varying sizes, indicating that the layers were formed during landslides and debris flows caused by heavy rains. The velocity of these flows prevented the mixture of stones and sand from settling individually, leading to the heterogeneous layers we see today. In terms of natural ecology, entering Shimen Cave offers breathtaking views of the sky and sea. Although there is only a small beautiful shell beach, it often brings to mind Kenting. Numerous fish and hermit crabs can be spotted among the shallow coastal reefs. The coastal rocks are lush with green seaweed, and at times, locals can be seen harvesting algae. Walking along the scenic pathways and pavilions along the coastline enhances the opportunity to enjoy expansive ocean views. Every year, between April and May, native lily and stone cabbage blossoms adorn the area above Shimen Cave, creating a stunning spectacle. A visit to Shimen Cave provides a glimpse into diverse ecosystems, showcasing the rich beauty of Shimen's coastal landscape.
